Coffees differ among themselves on fruit quality, productivity, resistance to diseases and pests, adverse environmental conditions. Most of the trees, coffee plantations belong to the species of Arabian coffee, which is often called the Arab (Arabica). Experts point out that coffee has more than 1000 different varieties. Most common varieties are the seeds of one species - the Arabian coffee, or Arabic.
Another type of coffee - robusta - opened in 1911 in West Africa (Sierra Leone, Angola), isolated from wild species. It has a rounded leaves and large fruits. There are other types, but they are not so common. Robusta trees grow in small and begin to bear fruit on 2-3rd year. Plants species are more resistant to disease, unpretentious to weather conditions. All this has raised the prestige of this type of coffee, and it began to grow in places where the Arabian coffee growing worse. Especially widely cultivated robusta coffee in Madagascar and Guinea.
Drink arabica soft and fragrant, drink a lot of robusta coffee contains caffeine, remarkable for its sharp and bitter taste.
According to botanical classification distinguished coffee Arabica, Robusta, liberika.
Quite popular and geographic classification, according to which the coffee is called by the name of the area where it is grown, or the name of the port of export. But this name is not always successful, as the coffee grown even in the same sort of place, but prepared by different technologies, very different in quality products.
In different countries, created a lot of breeders of new varieties of coffee trees, but the multiplication of seed plantings are populations that are corrected by culling plants, strongly deviating from the basic type.
At present, coffee is grown in more than 70 countries in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania, in all tropical countries of the Old and New Worlds, where the average summer temperature is not below + 14,5 ° C.
Largest kofeproizvodyaschimi countries of the world are Brazil and Colombia. The best coffee is considered Yemeni mocha, brought to us in small quantities. Very high quality Brazilian Arabica coffee varieties. But in Brazil produces several varieties of coffee, the best of which are considered and bourbon santos santos. Also known Colombian coffee, which are named in accordance with the terrain, where they grow: honey-lin, Armenia, Manizales.
In Costa Rica the best varieties are the Pacific and Atlantic, growing on the central plateau near the town of San Jose. Dominican Republic offers coffee under the name of San Domingo - Arabica wet and dry handling.
In Ethiopia, it grows arabica coffee varieties Jimmy and Sidamo. Grains of their unattractive appearance, small, but they give the drink a unique, exciting bunch. Variety mocha-swarms from Ethiopia has similarities with the world-famous brands mocha.
Depending on the content of caffeine, there are more than ten varieties of coffee. Higher grades of its different kind of aroma and good taste.
